Game LEGEND ini bisa dibikin pake Arduino (Tetris) Oled Display + Joystick di WOKWI #game #tetris

Tutorial ESP32: Game LEGEND ini bisa dibikin pake Arduino (Tetris) Oled Display + Joystick di WOKWI #game #tetris

Pada bagian ini akan dibahas pembuatan proyek game legendaris Tetris berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino UNO, layar OLED Display SSD1306 0.96 inci (I2C), dan analog joystick sebagai pengontrol pergerakan blok, serta software simulasi WOKWI. Skematik rangkaian ditunjukkan pada Gambar 1, program Arduino pada Kode 1, dan video pembuatan pada tautan Video 1. Pergerakan blok Tetris (rotasi, geser kiri/kanan, dan drop) diproses menggunakan pembacaan sinyal analog joystick. Layar OLED akan merender grafis blok secara real-time, menghitung skor per baris yang berhasil dihancurkan, serta menampilkan kondisi game over saat susunan blok telah mencapai batas atas.

Gambar 1. Skematik rangkaian sistem

Pemetaan PIN:
* OLED DISPLAY 0.96 INCH I2C
GND => GND
VCC => 5V
SDA => SDA / 20
SCL => SCL / 21
* JOYSTICK
VCC => 5V
JOY_X => A0
JOY_Y => A1
BTN => 2
GND => GND
* BUZZER dan LED
GND – GND
OUT – 6

Kode Arduino 1. Kode Program

//ALFIAN CENTER
//SUBSCRIBE

#include <Arduino.h>
#include <U8g2lib.h>
#include <Wire.h>

// ================= DISPLAY ==================
U8G2_SSD1306_128X64_NONAME_F_HW_I2C u8g2(U8G2_R0);

// ================= PIN ==================
#define JOY_X   A0
#define JOY_Y   A1
#define BTN_ROT 2
#define BUZZER  6


//ALFIAN CENTER
//SUBSCRIBE
// ================= BOARD ==================
#define COLS 10
#define ROWS 16
int board[ROWS][COLS];

// ================= PIECES ==================
const byte tetrominoes[7][4][4] = {
  { {0,1,0,0}, {0,1,0,0}, {0,1,0,0}, {0,1,0,0} }, // I
  { {1,1,0,0}, {0,1,1,0}, {0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,0} }, // Z
  { {0,1,1,0}, {1,1,0,0}, {0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,0} }, // S
  { {1,0,0,0}, {1,1,1,0}, {0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,0} }, // J
  { {0,0,1,0}, {1,1,1,0}, {0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,0} }, // L
  { {1,1,1,0}, {0,1,0,0}, {0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,0} }, // T
  { {1,1,0,0}, {1,1,0,0}, {0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,0} }  // O
};

// ================= GAME STATE ==================
enum GameState { MENU, PLAYING, GAME_OVER };
GameState state = MENU;

enum Difficulty { EASY, MEDIUM, HARD };
Difficulty diffSel = MEDIUM;

int score=0, level=1;
unsigned long dropInterval=600;
unsigned long lastDrop=0;


//ALFIAN CENTER
//SUBSCRIBE
// ================= PIECE CONTROL ==================
int curPiece[4][4];
int curX, curY;
int nextPieceIdx;
int lastPieceIdx=-1, repeatCount=0;

// ================= UTILS ==================
void beep(int f, int d){ tone(BUZZER,f,d); }

void playDrop(){ beep(1000,50); }
void playRotate(){ beep(1500,50); }
void playGameOver(){ beep(300,500); }

void copyPieceByte(const byte src[4][4], int dest[4][4]){
  for(int y=0;y<4;y++) for(int x=0;x<4;x++) dest[y][x]=src[y][x];
}
void copyPieceInt(int src[4][4], int dest[4][4]){
  for(int y=0;y<4;y++) for(int x=0;x<4;x++) dest[y][x]=src[y][x];
}

void rotatePiece(int m[4][4]){
  int tmp[4][4];
  for(int y=0;y<4;y++) for(int x=0;x<4;x++) tmp[y][x]=m[y][x];
  for(int y=0;y<4;y++) for(int x=0;x<4;x++) m[x][3-y]=tmp[y][x];
}


//ALFIAN CENTER
//SUBSCRIBE
bool collision(int x,int y,int shape[4][4]){
  for(int py=0;py<4;py++)
    for(int px=0;px<4;px++)
      if(shape[py][px]){
        int nx=x+px, ny=y+py;
        if(nx<0||nx>=COLS||ny<0||ny>=ROWS) return true;
        if(board[ny][nx]) return true;
      }
  return false;
}

void placePiece(){
  for(int y=0;y<4;y++)
    for(int x=0;x<4;x++)
      if(curPiece[y][x]) board[curY+y][curX+x]=1;
  playDrop();
}

void clearLines(){
  int lines=0;
  for(int y=ROWS-1;y>=0;y--){
    bool full=true;
    for(int x=0;x<COLS;x++) if(!board[y][x]){ full=false; break; }
    if(full){
      for(int ty=y;ty>0;ty--)
        for(int x=0;x<COLS;x++) board[ty][x]=board[ty-1][x];
      for(int x=0;x<COLS;x++) board[0][x]=0;
      lines++;
      y++;
    }
  }
  if(lines>0){
    if(lines==1) score+=100;
    else if(lines==2) score+=300;
    else if(lines==3) score+=500;
    else if(lines==4) score+=800;  // Tetris!
  }
}


//ALFIAN CENTER
//SUBSCRIBE
void spawnPiece(){
  int idx=random(7);
  if(idx==lastPieceIdx){
    repeatCount++;
    if(repeatCount>=3){ 
      while(idx==lastPieceIdx) idx=random(7);
      repeatCount=0;
    }
  } else repeatCount=0;
  lastPieceIdx=idx;

  copyPieceByte(tetrominoes[idx],curPiece);
  curX=COLS/2-2; curY=0;
  if(collision(curX,curY,curPiece)) state=GAME_OVER;

  nextPieceIdx=random(7);
}

void updateSpeed(){
  switch(diffSel){
    case EASY: dropInterval=700-(level-1)*50; break;
    case MEDIUM: dropInterval=500-(level-1)*40; break;
    case HARD: dropInterval=300-(level-1)*30; break;
  }
  if(dropInterval<100) dropInterval=100;
}

// ================= RENDER ==================
void drawBoard(){
  u8g2.clearBuffer();
  // draw grid
  for(int y=0;y<ROWS;y++)
    for(int x=0;x<COLS;x++)
      if(board[y][x]) u8g2.drawBox(x*4,y*4,4,4);

  // draw current piece
  for(int y=0;y<4;y++)
    for(int x=0;x<4;x++)
      if(curPiece[y][x]) u8g2.drawBox((curX+x)*4,(curY+y)*4,4,4);

  // draw next piece
  u8g2.setFont(u8g2_font_5x7_tr);
  u8g2.setCursor(65,7); u8g2.print("Next:");
  for(int y=0;y<4;y++)
    for(int x=0;x<4;x++)
      if(tetrominoes[nextPieceIdx][y][x])
        u8g2.drawBox(80+x*4,10+y*4,4,4);

  u8g2.setCursor(65,35); u8g2.print("Score:"); u8g2.print(score);
  u8g2.setCursor(65,45); u8g2.print("Lvl:"); u8g2.print(level);

  u8g2.sendBuffer();
}

void drawMenu(){
  u8g2.clearBuffer();
  u8g2.setFont(u8g2_font_6x12_tr);
  u8g2.setCursor(20,15); u8g2.print("TETRIS MINI");
  u8g2.setCursor(10,35); u8g2.print("Diff: ");
  if(diffSel==EASY) u8g2.print("Easy");
  else if(diffSel==MEDIUM) u8g2.print("Medium");
  else u8g2.print("Hard");
  u8g2.setCursor(10,50); u8g2.print("Press Button=Start");
  u8g2.sendBuffer();
}

void drawGameOver(){
  u8g2.clearBuffer();
  u8g2.setFont(u8g2_font_6x12_tr);
  u8g2.setCursor(20,20); u8g2.print("GAME OVER!");
  u8g2.setCursor(20,40); u8g2.print("Score:"); u8g2.print(score);
  u8g2.setCursor(5,55); u8g2.print("Btn=Menu  JoyDown=Retry");
  u8g2.sendBuffer();
}

// ================= GAME ==================
void startGame(){
  for(int y=0;y<ROWS;y++) for(int x=0;x<COLS;x++) board[y][x]=0;
  score=0; level=1;
  updateSpeed();
  spawnPiece();
  state=PLAYING;
  playDrop();
}

void setup(){
  pinMode(BTN_ROT,INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(BUZZER,OUTPUT);
  u8g2.begin();
  randomSeed(analogRead(A2));
  drawMenu();
}

void loop(){
  if(state==MENU){
    if(digitalRead(BTN_ROT)==LOW){
      startGame();
      delay(200);
    }
    int joyX=analogRead(JOY_X);
    if(joyX<300){ diffSel=(Difficulty)((diffSel+2)%3); drawMenu(); delay(200);}
    if(joyX>700){ diffSel=(Difficulty)((diffSel+1)%3); drawMenu(); delay(200);}
    return;
  }

  if(state==PLAYING){
    int joyX=analogRead(JOY_X);
    int joyY=analogRead(JOY_Y);
    if(joyX<300 && !collision(curX-1,curY,curPiece)){ curX--; delay(150);}
    if(joyX>700 && !collision(curX+1,curY,curPiece)){ curX++; delay(150);}
    if(joyY>700 && !collision(curX,curY+1,curPiece)){ curY++; } // turun cepat

    if(digitalRead(BTN_ROT)==LOW){
      int tmp[4][4]; copyPieceInt(curPiece,tmp);
      rotatePiece(tmp);
      if(!collision(curX,curY,tmp)) copyPieceInt(tmp,curPiece);
      playRotate();
      delay(200);
    }

    unsigned long now=millis();
    if(now-lastDrop>=dropInterval){
      lastDrop=now;
      if(!collision(curX,curY+1,curPiece)){
        curY++;
      } else {
        placePiece();
        clearLines();
        if(score/500+1>level){ level++; updateSpeed(); }
        spawnPiece();
      }
    }
    drawBoard();
    return;
  }

  if(state==GAME_OVER){
    drawGameOver();
    if(digitalRead(BTN_ROT)==LOW){ state=MENU; drawMenu(); delay(200); }
    int joyY=analogRead(JOY_Y);
    if(joyY>700){ startGame(); delay(200); }
  }
}

Video 1. Video tutorial pembuatan simulasi di WOKWI

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