Tutorial ESP32: Cara Membuat Mesin Penetas Telur Otomatis Versi 3 dengan Kontrol Suhu, Humidifier, dan Kipas Exhaust via Blynk IoT pada WOKWI

Pada bagian ini akan dibahas pembuatan sistem otomatisasi mesin penetas telur pintar (Egg Incubator Version 3) berbasis mikrokontroler ESP32, sensor suhu dan kelembapan DHT22, layar LCD 16×2 I2C, modul relay pemanas (heater), pelembap (humidifier), kipas pembuang panas/udara (exhaust), buzzer alarm peringatan, serta platform Blynk IoT pada software simulasi WOKWI. Skematik rangkaian ditunjukkan pada Gambar 1, program Arduino pada Kode 1, dan video pembuatan pada tautan Video 1. Sistem mengontrol suhu inkubator secara presisi pada rentang ideal 37.0°C – 39.0°C dan kelembapan ideal 50% – 60%. Apabila suhu terlalu panas (overheat > 39.0°C) atau kelembapan terlalu tinggi, kipas exhaust akan otomatis menyala untuk sirkulasi udara sekaligus mengirimkan notifikasi darurat ke aplikasi Blynk. Sistem juga dilengkapi fitur override manual via aplikasi Blynk melalui virtual pin V6.

Gambar 1. Skematik rangkaian sistem

List Pin:

• Sensor Suhu & Kelembapan (DHT22)
  VCC => 3.3V / 5V
  GND => GND
  Data => GPIO 15 (DHTPIN)
• Display LCD 16×2 I2C (Alamat: 0x27)
  GND => GND
  VCC => 5V / 3.3V
  SDA => GPIO 21
  SCL => GPIO 22
• Aktuator Relay & Output Indikator (Simulasi LED / Relay Module)
  HEATER_PIN (Relay 1 / Pemanas) => GPIO 2 (LED Kuning)
  HUMIDIFIER_PIN (Relay 2 / Pelembap) => GPIO 5 (LED Biru)
  EXHAUST_PIN (Relay 3 / Kipas Sirkulasi) => GPIO 18 (LED Hijau)
  BUZZER_PIN (Alarm Peringatan) => GPIO 4

List Virtual PIN:

• V0 => Temperature (°C) – Datastream Nilai Suhu Inkubator dari Sensor DHT22
• V1 => Humidity (% RH) – Datastream Nilai Kelembapan Udara dari Sensor DHT22
• V2 => Status Sistem (String) – Menampilkan Status Operasional Inkubator (“KONDISI IDEAL”, “SUHU DINGIN”, “OVERHEAT!!”, “KELEMBAPAN RENDAH”, “TERLALU BASAH”, atau “OFF LINE (HP)”)
• V3 => Heater Status (Integer 0/1) – Indikator Widget LED Status Pemanas Aktif/Mati
• V4 => Humidifier Status (Integer 0/1) – Indikator Widget LED Status Pelembap Aktif/Mati
• V5 => Exhaust Status (Integer 0/1) – Indikator Widget LED Status Kipas Exhaust Aktif/Mati
• V6 => Manual Override Switch (Integer 0/1) – Sakelar Kontrol Mode Manual/Offline dari Aplikasi Blynk

Kode Arduino 1. Kode Program

// ============================= 
// ALFIAN CENTER 
// SUBSCRIBE 
// Cara Membuat Mesin Penetas Telur Otomatis VERSI 3 Kontrol Suhu + Humidifier + Exhaust via Blynk IoT Menggunakan ESP32 Dan DHT22 (WOKWI)
// PROGRAM BAKAL AKU KIRIM DENGAN SYARAT DIBAWAH 
// LIKE 50, KOMEN 30 DAN * WAJIB SUBSCRIBE *
// PROGRAM DIKIRIM VIA KOMENTAR 
// =============================

#include <WiFi.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp32.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
#include "DHT.h"

#define DHTPIN 15     
#define DHTTYPE DHT22   
#define HEATER_PIN 2     // LED Kuning (Relay 1)
#define HUMIDIFIER_PIN 5 // LED Biru (Relay 2)
#define EXHAUST_PIN 18   // LED Hijau (Relay 3)
#define BUZZER_PIN 4     // Alarm

char auth[] = BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN;
char ssid[] = "Wokwi-GUEST";
char pass[] = "";

DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);
BlynkTimer timer;

// Variabel Kontrol
int manualOverride = 0; // Pindah ke V6
unsigned long waktuBeep = 0;
bool statusBuzzer = false;
bool isNotifSent = false;

// Membaca status tombol Override dari Blynk (V6)
BLYNK_WRITE(V6) {
  manualOverride = param.asInt();
}

void kontrolSistemInkubator() {
  float h = dht.readHumidity();
  float t = dht.readTemperature();

  if (isnan(h) || isnan(t)) {
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("Sensor Error!   ");
    return;
  }

  String statusSistem = "";
  bool exhaustActive = false;

  // 1. Cek Mode Manual Override dari Blynk
  if (manualOverride == 1) {
    statusSistem = "OFF LINE (HP)";
    digitalWrite(HEATER_PIN, LOW);
    digitalWrite(HUMIDIFIER_PIN, LOW);
    digitalWrite(EXHAUST_PIN, LOW);
    noTone(BUZZER_PIN);
  } 
  else {
    // ==================================================
    // LOGIKA RELAY 1: HEATER (Suhu Ideal: 37.0°C - 39.0°C)
    // ==================================================
    if (t < 37.0) {
      digitalWrite(HEATER_PIN, HIGH); // Jalankan Pemanas
      statusSistem = "SUHU DINGIN";
    } else if (t > 39.0) {
      digitalWrite(HEATER_PIN, LOW);  // Matikan Pemanas karena panas berlebih
      exhaustActive = true;           // Kipas ON untuk membuang panas
      statusSistem = "OVERHEAT!!";
      
      if (!isNotifSent) {
        Blynk.logEvent("suhu_overheat", "Bahaya! Inkubator Overheat: " + String(t, 1) + "°C");
        isNotifSent = true;
      }
    } else {
      digitalWrite(HEATER_PIN, LOW);
    }

    // ==================================================
    // LOGIKA RELAY 2: HUMIDIFIER (Ideal Kelembapan: 50% - 60%)
    // ==================================================
    if (h < 50.0) {
      digitalWrite(HUMIDIFIER_PIN, HIGH); // Nyalakan Sprayer Kabut
      if(statusSistem == "") statusSistem = "KELEMBAPAN REndah";
    } else if (h > 65.0) { // Jika kelembapan terlalu tinggi / pengap
      digitalWrite(HUMIDIFIER_PIN, LOW);
      exhaustActive = true;               // Kipas ON untuk membuang kelembapan
      if(statusSistem == "") statusSistem = "TERLALU BASAH";
    } else {
      digitalWrite(HUMIDIFIER_PIN, LOW);
    }

    // ==================================================
    // LOGIKA RELAY 3: KIPAS EXHAUST (KONTROL AKTIF)
    // ==================================================
    if (exhaustActive) {
      digitalWrite(EXHAUST_PIN, HIGH); // Jalankan Kipas Sirkulasi
    } else {
      digitalWrite(EXHAUST_PIN, LOW);  // Kipas Mati jika normal
    }

    // ==================================================
    // LOGIKA ALARM / BUZZER JIKA SANGAT EKSTREM
    // ==================================================
    if (t > 39.0 || h < 40.0) { 
      if (millis() - waktuBeep > 300) {
        waktuBeep = millis();
        statusBuzzer = !statusBuzzer;
        if (statusBuzzer) tone(BUZZER_PIN, 1500);
        else noTone(BUZZER_PIN);
      }
    } else {
      noTone(BUZZER_PIN);
      isNotifSent = false; 
    }

    // Jika seluruh ekosistem dalam boks ideal
    if (t >= 37.0 && t <= 39.0 && h >= 50.0 && h <= 60.0) {
      statusSistem = "KONDISI IDEAL";
    }
  }

  // 2. Kirim Data Ke Dashboard Blynk
  Blynk.virtualWrite(V0, t);
  Blynk.virtualWrite(V1, h);
  Blynk.virtualWrite(V2, statusSistem);
  Blynk.virtualWrite(V3, digitalRead(HEATER_PIN));     // LED Widget Heater
  Blynk.virtualWrite(V4, digitalRead(HUMIDIFIER_PIN)); // LED Widget Humidifier
  Blynk.virtualWrite(V5, digitalRead(EXHAUST_PIN));    // LED Widget Exhaust

  // 3. Update LCD 16x2 Lokal (Tampilan Status 3 Relay)
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("T:"); lcd.print(t, 1); lcd.print("C ");
  lcd.print("H:"); lcd.print(h, 0); lcd.print("%   ");
  
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("HT:"); lcd.print(digitalRead(HEATER_PIN) ? "1" : "0");
  lcd.print(" HM:"); lcd.print(digitalRead(HUMIDIFIER_PIN) ? "1" : "0");
  lcd.print(" EX:"); lcd.print(digitalRead(EXHAUST_PIN) ? "1" : "0");
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  pinMode(HEATER_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(HUMIDIFIER_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(EXHAUST_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(BUZZER_PIN, OUTPUT);
  
  dht.begin();
  lcd.init();
  lcd.backlight();
  lcd.print("Inkubator Pro v3");

  Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);
  lcd.clear();

  timer.setInterval(500L, kontrolSistemInkubator);
}

void loop() {
  Blynk.run();
  timer.run();
}

Video 1. Video tutorial pembuatan

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