Tutorial ESP32: Cara Membuat Sistem Pengaman Ruang Server Otomatis Berbasis Sensor DHT22, Motor Servo Ventilasi Darurat, & Blynk IoT pada WOKWI

Pada bagian ini akan dibahas pembuatan sistem pengaman dan pemantau suhu ruang server pintar (Server Room Protection System) berbasis mikrokontroler ESP32, sensor suhu dan kelembapan DHT22, motor servo untuk penggerak ventilasi darurat, buzzer alarm sirine intermiten, LED indikator status aman/overheat, layar LCD 16×2 I2C, serta platform Blynk IoT pada software simulasi WOKWI. Skematik rangkaian ditunjukkan pada Gambar 1, program Arduino pada Kode 1, dan video pembuatan pada tautan Video 1. Sistem memantau kestabilan suhu ruangan secara real-time. Jika suhu ruang server mencapai atau melebihi ambang batas bahaya (suhu >= 32.0°C), sistem secara otomatis menggerakkan motor servo membuka ventilasi darurat (90 derajat), menyalakan indikator LED merah serta alarm buzzer intermiten, dan mengirimkan push notification peringatan darurat langsung ke aplikasi Blynk. Pengguna juga dapat mengontrol posisi ventilasi secara manual melalui aplikasi Blynk.

Gambar 1. Skematik rangkaian sistem

List Pin:

• Sensor Suhu & Kelembapan (DHT22)
  VCC => 3.3V / 5V
  GND => GND
  Data => GPIO 15 (DHTPIN)
• Display LCD 16×2 I2C (Alamat: 0x27)
  GND => GND
  VCC => 5V / 3.3V
  SDA => GPIO 21
  SCL => GPIO 22
• Motor Servo Ventilasi Darurat
  Signal => GPIO 19 (SERVO_PIN)
  VCC => 5V
  GND => GND
• Indikator LED & Buzzer Alarm
  LED Green (Indikator Normal / AC ON) => GPIO 2 (LED_GREEN)
  LED Red (Indikator Overheat / AC OFF) => GPIO 5 (LED_RED)
  Buzzer Alarm Sirine Intermiten => GPIO 4 (BUZZER_PIN)

List Virtual PIN:

• V0 => Temperature (°C) – Datastream Nilai Suhu Ruang Server Real-Time dari Sensor DHT22
• V1 => Humidity (% RH) – Datastream Nilai Kelembapan Udara Ruangan dari Sensor DHT22
• V2 => Status Sistem (String) – Menampilkan Status Operasional Server (“SERVER ROOM SAFE” atau “OVERHEAT ALERT!”)
• V3 => Ventilator Status (Integer 0/1) – Indikator Widget LED Status Bukaan Katup Ventilasi Servo (0 = Tutup, 1 = Buka)
• V4 => Manual Ventilator Control (Integer 0/1) – Tombol Sakelar Kontrol Ventilasi Manual dari Aplikasi Blynk

Kode Arduino 1. Kode Program

// ============================= 
// ALFIAN CENTER 
// SUBSCRIBE 
// Program Pengaman Ruang Server ESP32 + DHT22 + Servo & Notifikasi Blynk IoT WOKWI
// PROGRAM BAKAL AKU KIRIM DENGAN SYARAT DIBAWAH 
// LIKE 50, KOMEN 30 DAN * WAJIB SUBSCRIBE *
// PROGRAM DIKIRIM VIA KOMENTAR 
// =============================

#define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_ID "TMPL6-CtqWvfq"
#define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_NAME "Lux Meter"
#define BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN "VdoHsSLgRil60ec1sMTV9hSXqZ6qJHpc"

#include <WiFi.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp32.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
#include <ESP32Servo.h>
#include "DHT.h"

#define DHTPIN 15     
#define DHTTYPE DHT22   
#define SERVO_PIN 19     
#define BUZZER_PIN 4     
#define LED_GREEN 2   // Indikator Normal
#define LED_RED 5     // Indikator Overheat

char auth[] = BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN;
char ssid[] = "Wokwi-GUEST";
char pass[] = "";

DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);
Servo ventServo;
BlynkTimer timer;

// Variabel Kontrol
int servoPos = 0; // 0 = Tutup, 90 = Buka
bool isOverheat = false;
bool isNotifSent = false;
unsigned long waktuBeep = 0;
bool statusBuzzer = false;

// Manual Open Servo dari Aplikasi Blynk (V4)
BLYNK_WRITE(V4) {
  int manualBtn = param.asInt();
  if (manualBtn == 1 && !isOverheat) {
    ventServo.write(90);
    Blynk.virtualWrite(V3, 1);
  } else if (manualBtn == 0 && !isOverheat) {
    ventServo.write(0);
    Blynk.virtualWrite(V3, 0);
  }
}

void monitorServerRoom() {
  float h = dht.readHumidity();
  float t = dht.readTemperature();

  if (isnan(h) || isnan(t)) {
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("DHT Sensor Error");
    return;
  }

  String statusStr = "";

  // ==================================================
  // LOGIKA PENGAMAN SERVER ROOM
  // Ambang Batas Overheat: Suhu >= 32.0 °C
  // ==================================================
  if (t >= 32.0) { 
    isOverheat = true;
    statusStr = "OVERHEAT ALERT!";
    
    // 1. Buka Ventilasi Darurat (Servo 90 derajat)
    servoPos = 90;
    ventServo.write(servoPos);

    // 2. Kontrol Indikator LED
    digitalWrite(LED_RED, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(LED_GREEN, LOW);

    // 3. Alarm Beep Intermittent (Tidak menggunakan delay agar Blynk lancar)
    if (millis() - waktuBeep > 200) {
      waktuBeep = millis();
      statusBuzzer = !statusBuzzer;
      if (statusBuzzer) tone(BUZZER_PIN, 2000);
      else noTone(BUZZER_PIN);
    }

    // 4. Kirim Push Notification ke HP Teknisi (Hanya Sekali per Kejadian)
    if (!isNotifSent) {
      Blynk.logEvent("server_overheat", "⚠️ BAHAYA! Ruang Server Overheat: " + String(t, 1) + "°C! AC Mati!");
      isNotifSent = true;
    }

  } else {
    // KONDISI NORMAL (Suhu < 32.0 °C)
    isOverheat = false;
    statusStr = "SERVER ROOM SAFE";
    
    // Tutup Ventilasi Darurat
    servoPos = 0;
    ventServo.write(servoPos);

    // LED Normal
    digitalWrite(LED_RED, LOW);
    digitalWrite(LED_GREEN, HIGH);

    // Matikan Alarm
    noTone(BUZZER_PIN);
    isNotifSent = false; // Reset notifikasi
  }

  // Kirim Data ke Dashboard Blynk
  Blynk.virtualWrite(V0, t);
  Blynk.virtualWrite(V1, h);
  Blynk.virtualWrite(V2, statusStr);
  Blynk.virtualWrite(V3, (servoPos == 90) ? 1 : 0); // Widget LED Status Ventilasi

  // Update Tampilan LCD
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Temp: "); lcd.print(t, 1); lcd.print("C ");
  lcd.print("H:"); lcd.print(h, 0); lcd.print("%");

  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  if (isOverheat) {
    lcd.print("AC OFF! VENT:OPEN");
  } else {
    lcd.print("AC ON  | VENT:CLS ");
  }
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  
  pinMode(LED_GREEN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED_RED, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(BUZZER_PIN, OUTPUT);

  ventServo.attach(SERVO_PIN);
  ventServo.write(0); // Posisi awal rapat (0 derajat)

  dht.begin();
  
  lcd.init();
  lcd.backlight();
  lcd.print("Server Protect");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("System Ready...");
  delay(1500);

  Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);
  lcd.clear();

  timer.setInterval(500L, monitorServerRoom);
}

void loop() {
  Blynk.run();
  timer.run();
}

Video 1. Video tutorial pembuatan

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